Address Details

contract

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";

import "./common/ERC20Upgradeable.sol";
import "./common/UsingRegistryUpgradeable.sol";
import "./common/UUPSOwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import "./Managed.sol";
import "./interfaces/IManager.sol";

/**
 * @title An ERC-20 token that is a fungible and transferrable representation
 * of reward-earning voted LockedGold (i.e. locked CELO).
 */
contract StakedCelo is ERC20Upgradeable, UUPSOwnableUpgradeable, Managed {
    mapping(address => uint256) private _lockedBalances;

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when stCELO is locked.
     * @param account The owner of locked stCELO.
     * @param amount The amount of locked stCELO.
     */
    event LockedStCelo(address account, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when stCELO is inlocked.
     * @param account The owner of unlocked stCELO.
     * @param amount The amount of unlocked stCELO.
     */
    event UnlockedStCelo(address account, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Used when attempting to unlock stCELO when there is no locked stCELO.
     * @param account The account's address.
     */
    error NoLockedStakedCelo(address account);

    /**
     * @notice Used when attempting to lock stCELO when there is not enough stCELO.
     * @param account The account's address.
     */
    error NotEnoughStCeloToLock(address account);

    /**
     * @notice Used when attempting to unlock stCELO when there is no stCELO to unlock.
     * @param account The account's address.
     */
    error NothingToUnlock(address account);

    /**
     * @notice Empty constructor for proxy implementation, `initializer` modifer ensures the
     * implementation gets initialized.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    constructor() initializer {}

    /**
     * @notice Initializes the contract.
     * @param _manager The address of the Manager contract.
     * @param _owner The address to set as the owner.
     */
    function initialize(address _manager, address _owner) external initializer {
        __ERC20_init("Staked CELO", "stCELO");
        __Managed_init(_manager);
        _transferOwnership(_owner);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Mints new stCELO to an address.
     * @param to The address that will receive the new stCELO.
     * @param amount The amount of stCELO to mint.
     */
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) external onlyManager {
        _mint(to, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Burns stCELO from an address.
     * @param from The address that will have its stCELO burned.
     * @param amount The amount of stCELO to burn.
     */
    function burn(address from, uint256 amount) external onlyManager {
        _burn(from, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Locks vote stCELO from an address.
     * @param account The address that will have its stCELO balance locked.
     * @param amount The amount of stCELO to lock.
     */
    function lockVoteBalance(address account, uint256 amount) external onlyManager {
        uint256 lockedBalance = _lockedBalances[account];
        if (lockedBalance < amount) {
            _lockedBalances[account] = amount;
            uint256 amountToSubtract = amount - lockedBalance;
            uint256 accountBalance = balanceOf(account);
            if (accountBalance < amountToSubtract) {
                revert NotEnoughStCeloToLock(account);
            }
            unchecked {
                _balances[account] = accountBalance - amountToSubtract;
            }
            emit LockedStCelo(account, amount);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns the storage, major, minor, and patch version of the contract.
     * @return Storage version of the contract.
     * @return Major version of the contract.
     * @return Minor version of the contract.
     * @return Patch version of the contract.
     */
    function getVersionNumber()
        external
        pure
        returns (
            uint256,
            uint256,
            uint256,
            uint256
        )
    {
        return (1, 1, 2, 1);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Unlocks vote stCELO from an address.
     * @param beneficiary The address that will have its stCELO balance unlocked.
     */
    function unlockVoteBalance(address beneficiary) public {
        uint256 previouslyLocked = _lockedBalances[beneficiary];
        if (previouslyLocked == 0) {
            revert NoLockedStakedCelo(beneficiary);
        }
        uint256 currentlyLocked = IManager(manager).updateHistoryAndReturnLockedStCeloInVoting(
            beneficiary
        );
        if (previouslyLocked <= currentlyLocked) {
            revert NothingToUnlock(beneficiary);
        }

        _lockedBalances[beneficiary] = currentlyLocked;
        uint256 amountToAdd = previouslyLocked - currentlyLocked;
        _balances[beneficiary] += amountToAdd;
        emit UnlockedStCelo(beneficiary, previouslyLocked - _lockedBalances[beneficiary]);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns vote stCELO locked balance.
     * @param account The address of locked stCELO balance.
     * @return The amount of locked stCELO.
     */
    function lockedVoteBalanceOf(address account) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _lockedBalances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @notice Registers transfer to manager whenever stCELO is being transfered.
     **/
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal override {
        if (from == address(0) || to == address(0)) {
            // mint or burn
            return;
        }
        IManager(manager).transfer(from, to, amount);
    }
}
        

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 *
 * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
 */
abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(
        address newImplementation,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallSecure(
        address newImplementation,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        address oldImplementation = _getImplementation();

        // Initial upgrade and setup call
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }

        // Perform rollback test if not already in progress
        StorageSlot.BooleanSlot storage rollbackTesting = StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT);
        if (!rollbackTesting.value) {
            // Trigger rollback using upgradeTo from the new implementation
            rollbackTesting.value = true;
            Address.functionDelegateCall(
                newImplementation,
                abi.encodeWithSignature("upgradeTo(address)", oldImplementation)
            );
            rollbackTesting.value = false;
            // Check rollback was effective
            require(oldImplementation == _getImplementation(), "ERC1967Upgrade: upgrade breaks further upgrades");
            // Finally reset to the new implementation and log the upgrade
            _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is upgraded.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(
        address newBeacon,
        bytes memory data,
        bool forceCall
    ) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeacon {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol";

/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is ERC1967Upgrade {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
        require(_getImplementation() == __self, "Function must be called through active proxy");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallSecure(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) external payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallSecure(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/StorageSlot.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a >= b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a / b + (a % b == 0 ? 0 : 1);
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    function __Ownable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Ownable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To initialize the implementation contract, you can either invoke the
 * initializer manually, or you can include a constructor to automatically mark it as initialized when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() initializer {}
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     */
    bool private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initializer function from being invoked twice.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // If the contract is initializing we ignore whether _initialized is set in order to support multiple
        // inheritance patterns, but we only do this in the context of a constructor, because in other contexts the
        // contract may have been reentered.
        require(_initializing ? _isConstructor() : !_initialized, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");

        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
            _initialized = true;
        }

        _;

        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} modifier, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    function _isConstructor() private view returns (bool) {
        return !AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this));
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20MetadataUpgradeable is IERC20Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @title Used via inheritance to grant special access control to the Manager
 * contract.
 */
abstract contract Managed is Initializable, OwnableUpgradeable {
    address public manager;

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the manager is initially set or later modified.
     * @param manager The new managing account address.
     */
    event ManagerSet(address indexed manager);

    /**
     *  @notice Used when an `onlyManager` function is called by a non-manager.
     *  @param caller `msg.sender` that called the function.
     */
    error CallerNotManager(address caller);

    /**
     * @notice Used when a passed address is address(0).
     */
    error NullAddress();

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the manager.
     */
    modifier onlyManager() {
        if (manager != msg.sender) {
            revert CallerNotManager(msg.sender);
        }
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the manager address.
     * @param _manager The new manager address.
     */
    function setManager(address _manager) external onlyOwner {
        _setManager(_manager);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in an upgradable context.
     * @param _manager The initial managing address.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __Managed_init(address _manager) internal onlyInitializing {
        _setManager(_manager);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the manager address.
     * @param _manager The new manager address.
     */
    function _setManager(address _manager) internal {
        if (_manager == address(0)) {
            revert NullAddress();
        }
        manager = _manager;
        emit ManagerSet(_manager);
    }
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity 0.8.11;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/IERC20Upgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

// Only change is in that _balances have internal modifier instead of private modifier

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20Upgradeable is
    Initializable,
    ContextUpgradeable,
    IERC20Upgradeable,
    IERC20MetadataUpgradeable
{
    mapping(address => uint256) internal _balances;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
     * {decimals} you should overload it.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __ERC20_init(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC20_init_unchained(name_, symbol_);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __ERC20_init_unchained(string memory name_, string memory symbol_)
        internal
        onlyInitializing
    {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
     * overridden;
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
        _transfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, _allowances[owner][spender] + addedValue);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue)
        public
        virtual
        returns (bool)
    {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        uint256 currentAllowance = _allowances[owner][spender];
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        unchecked {
            _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `sender` to `recipient`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[to] += amount;

        emit Transfer(from, to, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply += amount;
        _balances[account] += amount;
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
        }
        _totalSupply -= amount;

        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        // solhint-disable-next-line reason-string
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Spend `amount` form the allowance of `owner` toward `spender`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Might emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to
     * xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * has been transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to
     * xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[45] private __gap;
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title A contract that links UUPSUUpgradeable with OwanbleUpgradeable to gate upgrades.
 */
abstract contract UUPSOwnableUpgradeable is UUPSUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @notice Guard method for UUPS (Universal Upgradable Proxy Standard)
     * See: https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/api/proxy#transparent-vs-uups
     * @dev This methods overrides the virtual one in UUPSUpgradeable and
     * adds the onlyOwner modifer.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

import "../interfaces/IAccounts.sol";
import "../interfaces/IElection.sol";
import "../interfaces/IGoldToken.sol";
import "../interfaces/ILockedGold.sol";
import "../interfaces/IRegistry.sol";
import "../interfaces/IGovernance.sol";
import "../interfaces/IValidators.sol";

/**
 * @title A helper for getting Celo core contracts from the Registry.
 */
abstract contract UsingRegistryUpgradeable is Initializable {
    /// @notice The canonical address of the Registry.
    address internal constant CANONICAL_REGISTRY = 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000ce10;

    /// @notice The registry ID for the Accounts contract.
    bytes32 private constant ACCOUNTS_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("Accounts"));

    /// @notice The registry ID for the Election contract.
    bytes32 private constant ELECTION_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("Election"));

    /// @notice The registry ID for the GoldToken contract.
    bytes32 private constant GOLD_TOKEN_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("GoldToken"));

    /// @notice The registry ID for the LockedGold contract.
    bytes32 private constant LOCKED_GOLD_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("LockedGold"));

    /// @notice The registry ID for the Governance contract.
    bytes32 private constant GOVERNANCE_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("Governance"));

    /// @notice The registry ID for the Validator contract.
    bytes32 private constant VALIDATORS_REGISTRY_ID = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("Validators"));

    /// @notice The Registry.
    IRegistry public registry;

    /**
     * @notice Initializes the UsingRegistryUpgradable contract in an upgradable scenario
     * @param _registry The address of the Registry. For convenience, if the zero address is
     * provided, the registry is set to the canonical Registry address, i.e. 0x0...ce10. This
     * parameter should only be a non-zero address when testing.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __UsingRegistry_init(address _registry) internal onlyInitializing {
        if (_registry == address(0)) {
            registry = IRegistry(CANONICAL_REGISTRY);
        } else {
            registry = IRegistry(_registry);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the Accounts contract from the Registry.
     * @return The Accounts contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getAccounts() internal view returns (IAccounts) {
        return IAccounts(registry.getAddressForOrDie(ACCOUNTS_REGISTRY_ID));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the Election contract from the Registry.
     * @return The Election contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getElection() internal view returns (IElection) {
        return IElection(registry.getAddressForOrDie(ELECTION_REGISTRY_ID));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the GoldToken contract from the Registry.
     * @return The GoldToken contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getGoldToken() internal view returns (IGoldToken) {
        return IGoldToken(registry.getAddressForOrDie(GOLD_TOKEN_REGISTRY_ID));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the LockedGold contract from the Registry.
     * @return The LockedGold contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getLockedGold() internal view returns (ILockedGold) {
        return ILockedGold(registry.getAddressForOrDie(LOCKED_GOLD_REGISTRY_ID));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the Governance contract from the Registry.
     * @return The Governance contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getGovernance() internal view returns (IGovernance) {
        return IGovernance(registry.getAddressForOrDie(GOVERNANCE_REGISTRY_ID));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Gets the validators contract from the Registry.
     * @return The validators contract from the Registry.
     */
    function getValidators() internal view returns (IValidators) {
        return IValidators(registry.getAddressForOrDie(VALIDATORS_REGISTRY_ID));
    }
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IAccounts {
    function isAccount(address) external view returns (bool);

    function voteSignerToAccount(address) external view returns (address);

    function validatorSignerToAccount(address) external view returns (address);

    function attestationSignerToAccount(address) external view returns (address);

    function signerToAccount(address) external view returns (address);

    function getAttestationSigner(address) external view returns (address);

    function getValidatorSigner(address) external view returns (address);

    function getVoteSigner(address) external view returns (address);

    function hasAuthorizedVoteSigner(address) external view returns (bool);

    function hasAuthorizedValidatorSigner(address) external view returns (bool);

    function hasAuthorizedAttestationSigner(address) external view returns (bool);

    function setAccountDataEncryptionKey(bytes calldata) external;

    function setMetadataURL(string calldata) external;

    function setName(string calldata) external;

    function setWalletAddress(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32
    ) external;

    function setAccount(
        string calldata,
        bytes calldata,
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32
    ) external;

    function getDataEncryptionKey(address) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function getWalletAddress(address) external view returns (address);

    function getMetadataURL(address) external view returns (string memory);

    function batchGetMetadataURL(address[] calldata)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory, bytes memory);

    function getName(address) external view returns (string memory);

    function authorizeVoteSigner(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32
    ) external;

    function authorizeValidatorSigner(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32
    ) external;

    function authorizeValidatorSignerWithPublicKey(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata
    ) external;

    function authorizeValidatorSignerWithKeys(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata
    ) external;

    function authorizeAttestationSigner(
        address,
        uint8,
        bytes32,
        bytes32
    ) external;

    function createAccount() external returns (bool);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IElection {
    function vote(
        address,
        uint256,
        address,
        address
    ) external returns (bool);

    function activate(address) external returns (bool);

    function activateForAccount(address, address) external returns (bool);

    function revokeActive(
        address,
        uint256,
        address,
        address,
        uint256
    ) external returns (bool);

    function revokeAllActive(
        address,
        address,
        address,
        uint256
    ) external returns (bool);

    function revokePending(
        address,
        uint256,
        address,
        address,
        uint256
    ) external returns (bool);

    function markGroupIneligible(address) external;

    function markGroupEligible(
        address,
        address,
        address
    ) external;

    function forceDecrementVotes(
        address,
        uint256,
        address[] calldata,
        address[] calldata,
        uint256[] calldata
    ) external returns (uint256);

    // only owner
    function setElectableValidators(uint256, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setMaxNumGroupsVotedFor(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setElectabilityThreshold(uint256) external returns (bool);

    // only VM
    function distributeEpochRewards(
        address,
        uint256,
        address,
        address
    ) external;

    function allowedToVoteOverMaxNumberOfGroups(address) external returns (bool);

    function setAllowedToVoteOverMaxNumberOfGroups(bool flag) external;

    // view functions
    function electValidatorSigners() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function electNValidatorSigners(uint256, uint256) external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getElectableValidators() external view returns (uint256, uint256);

    function getElectabilityThreshold() external view returns (uint256);

    function getNumVotesReceivable(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalVotes() external view returns (uint256);

    function getActiveVotes() external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalVotesByAccount(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getPendingVotesForGroupByAccount(address, address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getActiveVotesForGroupByAccount(address, address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalVotesForGroupByAccount(address, address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getActiveVoteUnitsForGroupByAccount(address, address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalVotesForGroup(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getActiveVotesForGroup(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getPendingVotesForGroup(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getGroupEligibility(address) external view returns (bool);

    function getGroupEpochRewards(
        address,
        uint256,
        uint256[] calldata
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    function getGroupsVotedForByAccount(address) external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getEligibleValidatorGroups() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getTotalVotesForEligibleValidatorGroups()
        external
        view
        returns (address[] memory, uint256[] memory);

    function getCurrentValidatorSigners() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function canReceiveVotes(address, uint256) external view returns (bool);

    function hasActivatablePendingVotes(address, address) external view returns (bool);

    function maxNumGroupsVotedFor() external view returns (uint256);

    function validatorSignerAddressFromCurrentSet(uint256 index) external view returns (address);

    function numberValidatorsInCurrentSet() external view returns (uint256);

    function getEpochNumber() external view returns (uint256);
}
          

// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IGoldToken {
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    function transferWithComment(
        address to,
        uint256 value,
        string calldata comment
    ) external returns (bool);

    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) external returns (bool);

    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);

    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IGovernance {
    function votePartially(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint256 index,
        uint256 yesVotes,
        uint256 noVotes,
        uint256 abstainVotes
    ) external returns (bool);

    function getProposal(uint256 proposalId)
        external
        view
        returns (
            address,
            uint256,
            uint256,
            uint256,
            string memory
        );

    function getReferendumStageDuration() external view returns (uint256);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface ILockedGold {
    function lock() external payable;

    function incrementNonvotingAccountBalance(address, uint256) external;

    function unlock(uint256) external;

    function relock(uint256, uint256) external;

    function withdraw(uint256) external;

    function slash(
        address account,
        uint256 penalty,
        address reporter,
        uint256 reward,
        address[] calldata lessers,
        address[] calldata greaters,
        uint256[] calldata indices
    ) external;

    function decrementNonvotingAccountBalance(address, uint256) external;

    function unlockingPeriod() external view returns (uint256);

    function getAccountTotalLockedGold(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalLockedGold() external view returns (uint256);

    function getPendingWithdrawal(address, uint256) external view returns (uint256, uint256);

    function getSlashingWhitelist() external view returns (bytes32[] memory);

    function getPendingWithdrawals(address)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory, uint256[] memory);

    function getTotalPendingWithdrawals(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function isSlasher(address) external view returns (bool);

    function owner() external view returns (address);

    function getAccountNonvotingLockedGold(address account) external view returns (uint256);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IManager {
    function updateHistoryAndReturnLockedStCeloInVoting(address beneficiary)
        external
        returns (uint256);

    function transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external;

    function scheduleTransferWithinStrategy(
        address[] calldata fromGroups,
        address[] calldata toGroups,
        uint256[] calldata fromVotes,
        uint256[] calldata toVotes
    ) external;

    function toCelo(uint256 stCeloAmount) external view returns (uint256);

    function toStakedCelo(uint256 celoAmount) external view returns (uint256);

    function getReceivableVotesForGroup(address group) external view returns (uint256);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.11;

interface IRegistry {
    function setAddressFor(string calldata, address) external;

    function getAddressForOrDie(bytes32) external view returns (address);

    function getAddressFor(bytes32) external view returns (address);

    function getAddressForStringOrDie(string calldata identifier) external view returns (address);

    function getAddressForString(string calldata identifier) external view returns (address);

    function isOneOf(bytes32[] calldata, address) external view returns (bool);
}
          

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity ^0.8.11;

interface IValidators {
    function registerValidator(
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata
    ) external returns (bool);

    function deregisterValidator(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function affiliate(address) external returns (bool);

    function deaffiliate() external returns (bool);

    function updateBlsPublicKey(bytes calldata, bytes calldata) external returns (bool);

    function registerValidatorGroup(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function deregisterValidatorGroup(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function addMember(address) external returns (bool);

    function addFirstMember(
        address,
        address,
        address
    ) external returns (bool);

    function removeMember(address) external returns (bool);

    function reorderMember(
        address,
        address,
        address
    ) external returns (bool);

    function updateCommission() external;

    function setNextCommissionUpdate(uint256) external;

    function resetSlashingMultiplier() external;

    // only owner
    function setCommissionUpdateDelay(uint256) external;

    function setMaxGroupSize(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setMembershipHistoryLength(uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setValidatorScoreParameters(uint256, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setGroupLockedGoldRequirements(uint256, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setValidatorLockedGoldRequirements(uint256, uint256) external returns (bool);

    function setSlashingMultiplierResetPeriod(uint256) external;

    // view functions
    function getMaxGroupSize() external view returns (uint256);

    function getCommissionUpdateDelay() external view returns (uint256);

    function getValidatorScoreParameters() external view returns (uint256, uint256);

    function getMembershipHistory(address)
        external
        view
        returns (
            uint256[] memory,
            address[] memory,
            uint256,
            uint256
        );

    function calculateEpochScore(uint256) external view returns (uint256);

    function calculateGroupEpochScore(uint256[] calldata) external view returns (uint256);

    function getAccountLockedGoldRequirement(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function meetsAccountLockedGoldRequirements(address) external view returns (bool);

    function getValidatorBlsPublicKeyFromSigner(address) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function getValidator(address account)
        external
        view
        returns (
            bytes memory,
            bytes memory,
            address,
            uint256,
            address
        );

    function getValidatorGroup(address)
        external
        view
        returns (
            address[] memory,
            uint256,
            uint256,
            uint256,
            uint256[] memory,
            uint256,
            uint256
        );

    function getGroupNumMembers(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTopGroupValidators(address, uint256) external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getGroupsNumMembers(address[] calldata accounts)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory);

    function getNumRegisteredValidators() external view returns (uint256);

    function groupMembershipInEpoch(
        address,
        uint256,
        uint256
    ) external view returns (address);

    // only registered contract
    function updateEcdsaPublicKey(
        address,
        address,
        bytes calldata
    ) external returns (bool);

    function updatePublicKeys(
        address,
        address,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes calldata
    ) external returns (bool);

    function getValidatorLockedGoldRequirements() external view returns (uint256, uint256);

    function getGroupLockedGoldRequirements() external view returns (uint256, uint256);

    function getRegisteredValidators() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getRegisteredValidatorSigners() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function getRegisteredValidatorGroups() external view returns (address[] memory);

    function isValidatorGroup(address) external view returns (bool);

    function isValidator(address) external view returns (bool);

    function getValidatorGroupSlashingMultiplier(address) external view returns (uint256);

    function getMembershipInLastEpoch(address) external view returns (address);

    function getMembershipInLastEpochFromSigner(address) external view returns (address);

    // only VM
    function updateValidatorScoreFromSigner(address, uint256) external;

    function distributeEpochPaymentsFromSigner(address, uint256) external returns (uint256);

    // only slasher
    function forceDeaffiliateIfValidator(address) external;

    function halveSlashingMultiplier(address) external;
}